Which one is better taught by the native speaker or by English teacher??This type of question might rise in every people who has deep consideration to the English teaching and process. Some people said that the native speaker better in teaching the students, because some people argue that they know more than Indonesian. But the other ones might be gave their opinion that, every teacher wherever he/she came from, if they have good teaching ability, they can be a good English teacher. Therefore, in this writing, I tried to present some arguments related to this issue.
Personally, my argument about which one is better taught by the native speaker or English teacher, who are Indonesian, since our context here is in Indonesia. I answer this question by saying that Indonesian teacher can be better in teaching English than the native ones. Because English is world language, it is not owned by certain country. This is the way how English will be converted to various styles. Due to the growth of multiculturalism, all English speakers have the same right to use it in their own way. Furthermore foreign language does not require native speaker, since even local teacher, like us (Indonesian teacher) can understand the approach, the technique, and the method to teacher better. This is what we call as local wisdom which rejects domination and marginalization.
Minggu, 06 Maret 2011
My First Experience in Learning English (Method of TEFL 1)
Talking about my last experience related with my first experience in studying English actually is not easy one for me. Since, I do not know how to start my story. But, well, I’ll try as well as I can.
First time I got English subject is at my Junior High School, it means that the previous time at Kindergarten or Elementary School, I do not have gotten it yet. I got it first time at my first grade at Junior High School, exactly at SMP Negeri 1 Sragen, which is located in Jalan Raya Sukowati 160, Sragen, Central Java. I felt so nervous when the teacher came to the class to taught English in his first meeting. The teacher’s way in teaching were speaking/explaining the material, and the students were listened to him. Sometimes he asked the students to repeat the sentence after him and tried to speak about daily activities in the form of some expression in Speaking Section. In Listening Section, we seldom went to the Language laboratory for listening English cassette etc, I do not know why. The other time, we were asked to learn how to write a simple paragraph. Learning English at school, I think was not enjoyable enough since it only held in classroom, not so creative.
While at English Course, I felt more interesting than at school. I joined English course at YES. YES (Youth English Course) is such kind of English course which is located in Ringroad Street, Karanggunan, Tangkil, Sragen. Here, I could improve more and got English more. I loved with its tutors. The ways of teaching which are conducted by the tutor were so amazing for me. The tutor could share their idea, views, and experience deeply in how the easiest way of learning English. The program which was conducted by this course is English Fun Learning. They known how to teach and learn for certain age range of learners/students. What I mean here is, they know how to teach kids class program, how to teach the general class, etc. of course they used different technique when they taught Junior High School and Conversation class for staff. Furthermore sometime, we also went to our environment (outdoor meeting). There, we could learn by using things in our nature, like, tress, flower, animal, and other object for help us in learning English. Of course I like with this activity, due to I could get out from classroom. Since I know, children at Junior High School want free from class. It seemed very boring when we study just at class forever. Moreover, the experience which I could never forget is on the final activities in my program at YES, my program held English Fun in Borobudur Temple, Magelang. It is my oral test in this course, so when we were conducting this study tour, we were practicing our speaking skill by speaking with foreign tourism there. So, that’s why I said that learning English at this institution is more enjoyable.
Finally, at this time I can take a conclusion that not all people, not all teacher can teach since teaching is not an easy thing. We should know more about the best and the most suitable approach, method, and technique for a certain group of learners.
First time I got English subject is at my Junior High School, it means that the previous time at Kindergarten or Elementary School, I do not have gotten it yet. I got it first time at my first grade at Junior High School, exactly at SMP Negeri 1 Sragen, which is located in Jalan Raya Sukowati 160, Sragen, Central Java. I felt so nervous when the teacher came to the class to taught English in his first meeting. The teacher’s way in teaching were speaking/explaining the material, and the students were listened to him. Sometimes he asked the students to repeat the sentence after him and tried to speak about daily activities in the form of some expression in Speaking Section. In Listening Section, we seldom went to the Language laboratory for listening English cassette etc, I do not know why. The other time, we were asked to learn how to write a simple paragraph. Learning English at school, I think was not enjoyable enough since it only held in classroom, not so creative.
While at English Course, I felt more interesting than at school. I joined English course at YES. YES (Youth English Course) is such kind of English course which is located in Ringroad Street, Karanggunan, Tangkil, Sragen. Here, I could improve more and got English more. I loved with its tutors. The ways of teaching which are conducted by the tutor were so amazing for me. The tutor could share their idea, views, and experience deeply in how the easiest way of learning English. The program which was conducted by this course is English Fun Learning. They known how to teach and learn for certain age range of learners/students. What I mean here is, they know how to teach kids class program, how to teach the general class, etc. of course they used different technique when they taught Junior High School and Conversation class for staff. Furthermore sometime, we also went to our environment (outdoor meeting). There, we could learn by using things in our nature, like, tress, flower, animal, and other object for help us in learning English. Of course I like with this activity, due to I could get out from classroom. Since I know, children at Junior High School want free from class. It seemed very boring when we study just at class forever. Moreover, the experience which I could never forget is on the final activities in my program at YES, my program held English Fun in Borobudur Temple, Magelang. It is my oral test in this course, so when we were conducting this study tour, we were practicing our speaking skill by speaking with foreign tourism there. So, that’s why I said that learning English at this institution is more enjoyable.
Finally, at this time I can take a conclusion that not all people, not all teacher can teach since teaching is not an easy thing. We should know more about the best and the most suitable approach, method, and technique for a certain group of learners.
Art Therapy in SPEAK novel
An Analysis of Art Therapy in Speak Healing Process revealed by Melinda as the Protagonist Character in Anderson’s novel SPEAK
Rape abuse phenomenon goes largely across the region. Report about Rape and Sexual Assault : RCC Fact Sheets about Rape and Sexual Assault : Rape Crisis Center Statistics, in 1990 rape rose faster than any other crime in the United States. The number of rapes reported to police exceeded 100,000 for the first time. It is estimated that the actual number of rapes was between 1.3 and 2 million, which makes the U.S. rape rate the world's highest. (Senate Judiciary Committee Study on Violence Against Women, March 1991)
While, the number of unreported rape cases is 83% of raped adolescents, 71.4% of raped young adults, and 68.4% of raped adults (Kilpatrick, 1990). For year following rape, 60 % of survivor experience Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and 16 % still suffer from emotional problem 15 years following the rape (HRS Rape Awareness Program, Tallahassee, FL 1987). These report shows the reader that the frequency of rape has the high rate, and get higher and higher recent years.
The victim of rape abuse would be better try to deal their pain with therapy technique, which called as healing process. In general, people who have been in traumatic condition, like rape, can never forget it. The entire people, child, youth, adult people, who have been in traumatic rape can never forget its disgrace. But, Healing process is one of the solution, although healing from traumatized rape is not easy thing and sometimes almost impossible. Since healing is an involved process that must involve all aspects of life and must handle the deepest places inside the victim. But, believe it, with healing process, the victim can involves a change in manner that changes their every aspect of life. With therapy and the right people around them, sometimes they are able to accept and healing it in periodically.
In today’s society, many therapies exist: art therapy, music therapy, poetry therapy, modeling, painting, theatre, and journal therapy. Art therapy, sometimes called creative arts therapy or expressive arts therapy, which define as a form of expressive therapy that uses art materials, such as paints, chalk and markers. The goal is to encourage people to express and understand emotions through artistic expression and through the creative process. For instance; Songs that make the survivor feel good as a woman are terrific, like Enya’s The Beautiful or Donna's Survivor Jukebox, where the listener can find more than 300 songs pertaining to rape, domestic violence and surviving or healing. Besides that, also Rhianna, who was also a survivor of sexual violence, in her journal stated that there was something safe and healing about writing, poetry, and the visual arts. She was also certified as a Poetry and Journal-Writing Therapist in the 90's and commenced on a Master's of Arts program in Counseling, integrating arts with traditional healing processes.
Based on the explanation above, the essay discusses about speaks healing process with art therapy through a novel. Realizing that these topics are carried much contribution in youth-adult life especially who get deep traumatic condition because of rape abuse, so there are many author written many works of arts, for instance; novel, which is voiced, critic and give many contribution in the female’s struggle for surviving from her rape because of pains. Anderson with her novel entitled Speak, the object of this essay, is a novel which clearest vividly this condition.
As depicted vividly in the novel “Speak” by Anderson, the writer has found the phenomenon related to the art therapy used in speak healing process revealed by the protagonist character. The theme is about rape and depression. It is tells the story of teenager female, named Melinda Sordino who eventual emergence as a rape victim. One night, she goes to a party with three other friends and because of get drink, she is raped by a senior, Andy Evans. After that accident, she has not been able to speak clearly. This abuse forces her into silence and radically changes her life. She would not speak and spends hours alone or working on her art project.
Steiner (1969), state that silence period viewed as a characteristic of humans. Silence viewed as the realization of deep emotions or embarrassments condition. It is used to maintain the secrets and distance with other people, and sometimes it is can be used as a form of social control also. Person, like Melinda, who has violated a social norm, like rape-victim, is treated with silence. In other word, the buried of speaking is to view another side of sexual violence and its impact on the lives of victims and survivors from rape.
According to the background of the essay above, the writer would like to analysis the phenomenon related with speak healing period by art therapy revealed by Melinda as the protagonist characters in Anderson’s novel Speak.
After finished reading the novel, the reader knows that Melinda, the protagonist character who suffer from childhood disgrace because of raped by her senior, have no idea how handling her bad experiences can be to tell others. During the next year she slowly recovers from her trauma of rape while being disliked by the entire school members. She contact with a few special people, the art teacher and a few students in her art class. With this condition, she finds a “safe place” in art class, with Mr. Freeman as the art tecaher.
Melinda’s healing process slowly begins when in the art-class, she is assigned to draw a tree that to make it represent something. Unintentionally she creates a tree that allows her mourning show through. Her art-teacher, Mr. Freeman, is the only person who encourages her and helps her to express herself. It is vividly describe from the beginning of the novel when Mr. Freeman tells the students in the class that his is
“Welcome to the only class that will teach you how to survive”…”Welcome to Art” (p.10).
The fact said that Mr. Freeman is right, in the end of the novel the same thing happened, his class is the only one class that make his student get survive from the pain. His class is the only one that in due course teaches Melinda how to survive. It is in his class that, Melinda is able to piece together into a coherent whole her fragmented self, which in roll finally gives her the bravery to speak.
During this lesson, Mr. Freeman makes Melinda draw a tree all semester surprisingly. Here, as the art teacher, he use the power of art therapy with Melinda, he ask her to draw trees in order to evaluate how she feel about herself at the moment. Theoretically, in art lesson the way in drawing and painting something can be carried or represent certain meaning. It is also represent the characteristic or the condition of the painter. Here, this point of view was used by Mr. Freeman to know what real happen to Melinda and through it, he would like to help Melinda survive from her tenderness.
The trees that Melinda draws throughout the year, as well as the trees she thinks about in her mind, represent how she feels about herself. Melinda begins by painting trees sthat have been hit by lightening and are nearly dead.
“For a solid week, ever since the pep rally, I’ve been painting watercolor of tress that have been hit by lightening, I try to paint them so they are nearly dead, but not toally” (p.30)
Through this scene, the teacher and the reader in general was know how the early Melinda’s psychological condition. But, in the end of the art-class, the form of drawing a tree that has both healthy new growth and birds in its branches, but old diseased branches too.
“… So I’m staying after school on the very, very last day for one last try at getting my tree right. …. “My tree is definitely breathing; little shallow breaths like it just shot up through the ground this morning. This one is not perfectly symmetrical. The bark is rough. I try to make it look as if initials had been carved in it a long time ago. One of the lower branches is sick. If this tree really lives someplace, that branch better drop soon, so it doesn’t kill the whole thing. Roots knob out of the ground and the crown reaches for the sun, tall, and healthy. The new growth is the best part.” (p.196).
This quotation from the novel p.196 is representing how Melinda’s concept of herself has been transformed throughout the year. She begins by feeling destroyed like the tree struck by lightening that she draws, but in the ends feeling that she will be able to deal with the experience of being raped and move on her life. She is symbolized a tree that has diseased branched, but then healthy growth, and then can continue to the live. By starting drawing the tree in Mr. Freeman class and the time would show what is better for herself, it is give more freedom especially for herself. In fact through art therapy in art class, Melinda helps herself in peeping out the ''window'' of art from her “inner prison”.
In deed, the goal of healing process is peacefulness, a letting go of the anger and pain, an accepting of a new life, a delight in the small things of life. For getting or for forgetting the rape abuse at all is possible, but at least by healing process, the survivor like Melinda will not be thinking about it as much. As time goes by, she might not be thinking about it at all and can letting it to start a new life.
REFERENCES
Anderson, Laurie Halse. Speak, New York: Puffin, 1999.
Anonymous, 2005. Speak by Laurie Halse Anderson - MonkeyNotes by PinkMonkey.com
(Taken from http://monkeynote.stores.yahoo.net/, on 6/16/2008 1:44:00 PM)
Anonymous, 2005, Art Therapy. (Taken from http://www.cozy-corner.com/art/art_therapy.htm, on 6/16/2008 1:25:00 PM)
Anonymouss, 2007. Stop Violence Against Women A project by The Advocates for Human (Taken from http://www.stopvaw.org/Prevalence_of_Sexual_Assault.html, on 6/16/2008 12:43:31 PM)
Anonymouss, 2007. Information about Rape and Sexual Assault : RCC Fact Sheets about Rape and Sexual Assault : Rape Crisis Center Statistics. (Taken from http://www.danecountyrcc.com/information/index.php?category_id=26&subcategory_id=19, on 6/17/2008 8:49:02 AM)
Steiner, 1996, Language and Silence. (taken from http://www.ciil-ebooks.net/html/silent/ch4.htm, last modified on 4/20/2008 4:22:40 PM)
Rape abuse phenomenon goes largely across the region. Report about Rape and Sexual Assault : RCC Fact Sheets about Rape and Sexual Assault : Rape Crisis Center Statistics, in 1990 rape rose faster than any other crime in the United States. The number of rapes reported to police exceeded 100,000 for the first time. It is estimated that the actual number of rapes was between 1.3 and 2 million, which makes the U.S. rape rate the world's highest. (Senate Judiciary Committee Study on Violence Against Women, March 1991)
While, the number of unreported rape cases is 83% of raped adolescents, 71.4% of raped young adults, and 68.4% of raped adults (Kilpatrick, 1990). For year following rape, 60 % of survivor experience Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and 16 % still suffer from emotional problem 15 years following the rape (HRS Rape Awareness Program, Tallahassee, FL 1987). These report shows the reader that the frequency of rape has the high rate, and get higher and higher recent years.
The victim of rape abuse would be better try to deal their pain with therapy technique, which called as healing process. In general, people who have been in traumatic condition, like rape, can never forget it. The entire people, child, youth, adult people, who have been in traumatic rape can never forget its disgrace. But, Healing process is one of the solution, although healing from traumatized rape is not easy thing and sometimes almost impossible. Since healing is an involved process that must involve all aspects of life and must handle the deepest places inside the victim. But, believe it, with healing process, the victim can involves a change in manner that changes their every aspect of life. With therapy and the right people around them, sometimes they are able to accept and healing it in periodically.
In today’s society, many therapies exist: art therapy, music therapy, poetry therapy, modeling, painting, theatre, and journal therapy. Art therapy, sometimes called creative arts therapy or expressive arts therapy, which define as a form of expressive therapy that uses art materials, such as paints, chalk and markers. The goal is to encourage people to express and understand emotions through artistic expression and through the creative process. For instance; Songs that make the survivor feel good as a woman are terrific, like Enya’s The Beautiful or Donna's Survivor Jukebox, where the listener can find more than 300 songs pertaining to rape, domestic violence and surviving or healing. Besides that, also Rhianna, who was also a survivor of sexual violence, in her journal stated that there was something safe and healing about writing, poetry, and the visual arts. She was also certified as a Poetry and Journal-Writing Therapist in the 90's and commenced on a Master's of Arts program in Counseling, integrating arts with traditional healing processes.
Based on the explanation above, the essay discusses about speaks healing process with art therapy through a novel. Realizing that these topics are carried much contribution in youth-adult life especially who get deep traumatic condition because of rape abuse, so there are many author written many works of arts, for instance; novel, which is voiced, critic and give many contribution in the female’s struggle for surviving from her rape because of pains. Anderson with her novel entitled Speak, the object of this essay, is a novel which clearest vividly this condition.
As depicted vividly in the novel “Speak” by Anderson, the writer has found the phenomenon related to the art therapy used in speak healing process revealed by the protagonist character. The theme is about rape and depression. It is tells the story of teenager female, named Melinda Sordino who eventual emergence as a rape victim. One night, she goes to a party with three other friends and because of get drink, she is raped by a senior, Andy Evans. After that accident, she has not been able to speak clearly. This abuse forces her into silence and radically changes her life. She would not speak and spends hours alone or working on her art project.
Steiner (1969), state that silence period viewed as a characteristic of humans. Silence viewed as the realization of deep emotions or embarrassments condition. It is used to maintain the secrets and distance with other people, and sometimes it is can be used as a form of social control also. Person, like Melinda, who has violated a social norm, like rape-victim, is treated with silence. In other word, the buried of speaking is to view another side of sexual violence and its impact on the lives of victims and survivors from rape.
According to the background of the essay above, the writer would like to analysis the phenomenon related with speak healing period by art therapy revealed by Melinda as the protagonist characters in Anderson’s novel Speak.
After finished reading the novel, the reader knows that Melinda, the protagonist character who suffer from childhood disgrace because of raped by her senior, have no idea how handling her bad experiences can be to tell others. During the next year she slowly recovers from her trauma of rape while being disliked by the entire school members. She contact with a few special people, the art teacher and a few students in her art class. With this condition, she finds a “safe place” in art class, with Mr. Freeman as the art tecaher.
Melinda’s healing process slowly begins when in the art-class, she is assigned to draw a tree that to make it represent something. Unintentionally she creates a tree that allows her mourning show through. Her art-teacher, Mr. Freeman, is the only person who encourages her and helps her to express herself. It is vividly describe from the beginning of the novel when Mr. Freeman tells the students in the class that his is
“Welcome to the only class that will teach you how to survive”…”Welcome to Art” (p.10).
The fact said that Mr. Freeman is right, in the end of the novel the same thing happened, his class is the only one class that make his student get survive from the pain. His class is the only one that in due course teaches Melinda how to survive. It is in his class that, Melinda is able to piece together into a coherent whole her fragmented self, which in roll finally gives her the bravery to speak.
During this lesson, Mr. Freeman makes Melinda draw a tree all semester surprisingly. Here, as the art teacher, he use the power of art therapy with Melinda, he ask her to draw trees in order to evaluate how she feel about herself at the moment. Theoretically, in art lesson the way in drawing and painting something can be carried or represent certain meaning. It is also represent the characteristic or the condition of the painter. Here, this point of view was used by Mr. Freeman to know what real happen to Melinda and through it, he would like to help Melinda survive from her tenderness.
The trees that Melinda draws throughout the year, as well as the trees she thinks about in her mind, represent how she feels about herself. Melinda begins by painting trees sthat have been hit by lightening and are nearly dead.
“For a solid week, ever since the pep rally, I’ve been painting watercolor of tress that have been hit by lightening, I try to paint them so they are nearly dead, but not toally” (p.30)
Through this scene, the teacher and the reader in general was know how the early Melinda’s psychological condition. But, in the end of the art-class, the form of drawing a tree that has both healthy new growth and birds in its branches, but old diseased branches too.
“… So I’m staying after school on the very, very last day for one last try at getting my tree right. …. “My tree is definitely breathing; little shallow breaths like it just shot up through the ground this morning. This one is not perfectly symmetrical. The bark is rough. I try to make it look as if initials had been carved in it a long time ago. One of the lower branches is sick. If this tree really lives someplace, that branch better drop soon, so it doesn’t kill the whole thing. Roots knob out of the ground and the crown reaches for the sun, tall, and healthy. The new growth is the best part.” (p.196).
This quotation from the novel p.196 is representing how Melinda’s concept of herself has been transformed throughout the year. She begins by feeling destroyed like the tree struck by lightening that she draws, but in the ends feeling that she will be able to deal with the experience of being raped and move on her life. She is symbolized a tree that has diseased branched, but then healthy growth, and then can continue to the live. By starting drawing the tree in Mr. Freeman class and the time would show what is better for herself, it is give more freedom especially for herself. In fact through art therapy in art class, Melinda helps herself in peeping out the ''window'' of art from her “inner prison”.
In deed, the goal of healing process is peacefulness, a letting go of the anger and pain, an accepting of a new life, a delight in the small things of life. For getting or for forgetting the rape abuse at all is possible, but at least by healing process, the survivor like Melinda will not be thinking about it as much. As time goes by, she might not be thinking about it at all and can letting it to start a new life.
REFERENCES
Anderson, Laurie Halse. Speak, New York: Puffin, 1999.
Anonymous, 2005. Speak by Laurie Halse Anderson - MonkeyNotes by PinkMonkey.com
(Taken from http://monkeynote.stores.yahoo.net/, on 6/16/2008 1:44:00 PM)
Anonymous, 2005, Art Therapy. (Taken from http://www.cozy-corner.com/art/art_therapy.htm, on 6/16/2008 1:25:00 PM)
Anonymouss, 2007. Stop Violence Against Women A project by The Advocates for Human (Taken from http://www.stopvaw.org/Prevalence_of_Sexual_Assault.html, on 6/16/2008 12:43:31 PM)
Anonymouss, 2007. Information about Rape and Sexual Assault : RCC Fact Sheets about Rape and Sexual Assault : Rape Crisis Center Statistics. (Taken from http://www.danecountyrcc.com/information/index.php?category_id=26&subcategory_id=19, on 6/17/2008 8:49:02 AM)
Steiner, 1996, Language and Silence. (taken from http://www.ciil-ebooks.net/html/silent/ch4.htm, last modified on 4/20/2008 4:22:40 PM)
ELITE - English Literature
At Glance about Figurative Language
Figurative language uses "figures of speech" - a way of saying something other than the literal meaning of the words.
1. Metaphor is a figure of speech/element of figurative language in which a implicit comparison is made between two things essentially unalike, without the use of the words "like" or "as."
It may take one of four forms:
(1) That in which the literal term and the figurative term are both named;
(2) That in which the literal term is named and the figurative term implied;
(3) That in which the literal term is implied and the figurative terms are named;
(4) That in which both the literal and the figurative terms are implied.
2. Simile A figure of speech in which a comparison is expressed by the specific use of a word or phrase such as: like, as, than, seems or Frost's favorite "as if,” or similar to, resembles, or seems.
3. Personification is that form of metaphor which treats an object or an abstraction as if it were a person. It is a type of metaphor in which distinct human qualities, e.g., honesty, emotion, volition, etc., are attributed to an animal, object or idea.
4. Apostrophe is a figure of speech in which someone absent or dead or something nonhuman is addressed as if it was alive and present and could reply.
5. Metonymy is a figure of speech that uses a concept closely related to the thing actually meant. The substitution makes the analogy more vivid and meaningful. It is a figure of speech in which some significant aspect or detail of an experience is used to represent the whole experience.
6. Synecdoche A figure of speech which mentions a part of something to suggest the whole.
7. Symbol is a thing (could be an object, person, situation or action) which stands for something else more abstract. It usually refers to a concrete image used to designate an abstract quality or concept.
Poem:
To Daffodils
(Robert Herrick, 1591-1674)
Fair Daffodils, we weep to see
You haste away so soon
As yet the early-rising sun
Has not attained his soon
Stay, stay,
Until the hasting day
Has run
But to the evensong
And having prayed together, we
Will go with you along
We have short time to stay as you;
We have as short a spring;
As quick a growth to meet decay
As you, or anything
We die
As your hours do, and dry
Away
Like to the summer’s rain;
Or as the pearls of morning’s dew
Ne’er to be found again.
An Analysis of Figurative Language Represent in Robert Herrick”s To Daffodils
• Line 1 “Fair Daffodils, we weep to see”
Fair Daffodils = Apostrophe
Here, the poem’s speaker wants to address the Daffodils, yellow trumpet-shaped flower, as a nonhuman being as if it is a human being which alive/present and could reply, with the form of address “Fair Daffodils”
• Line 2 “You haste away so soon”
You haste away so soon = Personification
The word “You” here was refers to the Daffodil, a yellow trumpet-shaped flower, as an object (not an human being/person), but in this line “You haste away so soon”, this line tells us with personified as if the daffodils can move quickly/hurriedly (show an action in move like a person)
• Line 3 “As yet the early-rising sun”
As = Simile
In line 3, the poem’s speaker was comparing dissimilar things between the Daffodils with the sun which is rising early in the morning, with the word “as” to link the images. The two objects being compared are the Daffodils and the sun which early rising to show how shorts the time was.
• Line 4 “Has not attained his soon”
His (= Sun) soon = Personification
In line 4, the poem’s speaker stated that His soon, the word “his” here refers to the early-rising sun’s period.
• Line 5 - 7
“Stay, stay,
Until the hasting day
Has run”
→ Apostrophe & Personification
From the point of view Apostrophe side, this line is a set of sentence like in this form “Stay, stay, until the hasting day has run”. And this sentence seems like a direct sentence in addressing a person.
From the point of view Personification side, this line stated that “… hasting day has run”, from this phrase, it is clear that this phrase show as a personification, since we know that the day was non-human object, but it is stated with the verb “has run”, which is to show that the day was also human being which is can flowing like a human-being condition/life.
• Line9 – 10 “And having prayed together, we” and “Will go with you along”
We & You = The Daffodils and the speaker’s poem = Apostrophe
The word “We” here was to address the daffodils and the poem’s speaker.
• Line11 “We have short time to stay as you;”
We = Apostrophe
…. as you; = Simile
The word “we” was refers to the poem’s speaker and the readers also; who comparing with the Daffodils which are has short time in this life.
• Line12 - 13 “We have as short a spring;” and “As quick a growth to meet decay”
We = Apostrophe
…. as short a spring; = Simile
As quick ….= Simile
The word “we” was refers to the poem’s speaker, the reader, and the Daffodils also; who comparing with a spring which is also has a short period in their lives, which capable in make damage something in short period.
• Line14 “As you, or anything”
As ….= Simile
• Line 16 “As your hours do, and dry”
As ….= Simile
The word “As your hours do, and dry” was show that the period/the time in our lives was so short ended; anything was easily ended in short period, so we must do something useful in our life.
• Line 17 “Like to the summer’s rain;”
Like … = Simile
The word “Like…’ was clear that it is a Simile, since it is comparing two things which dissimilar, between, our short period in life and the rain period in summer season.
• Line 18 “Or as the pearls of morning’s dew”
As…= Simile
The word “As…’ was clear that it is a Simile, since it is comparing two things which dissimilar, between, our short period in life and the pearls in the morning with some dew.
Figurative language uses "figures of speech" - a way of saying something other than the literal meaning of the words.
1. Metaphor is a figure of speech/element of figurative language in which a implicit comparison is made between two things essentially unalike, without the use of the words "like" or "as."
It may take one of four forms:
(1) That in which the literal term and the figurative term are both named;
(2) That in which the literal term is named and the figurative term implied;
(3) That in which the literal term is implied and the figurative terms are named;
(4) That in which both the literal and the figurative terms are implied.
2. Simile A figure of speech in which a comparison is expressed by the specific use of a word or phrase such as: like, as, than, seems or Frost's favorite "as if,” or similar to, resembles, or seems.
3. Personification is that form of metaphor which treats an object or an abstraction as if it were a person. It is a type of metaphor in which distinct human qualities, e.g., honesty, emotion, volition, etc., are attributed to an animal, object or idea.
4. Apostrophe is a figure of speech in which someone absent or dead or something nonhuman is addressed as if it was alive and present and could reply.
5. Metonymy is a figure of speech that uses a concept closely related to the thing actually meant. The substitution makes the analogy more vivid and meaningful. It is a figure of speech in which some significant aspect or detail of an experience is used to represent the whole experience.
6. Synecdoche A figure of speech which mentions a part of something to suggest the whole.
7. Symbol is a thing (could be an object, person, situation or action) which stands for something else more abstract. It usually refers to a concrete image used to designate an abstract quality or concept.
Poem:
To Daffodils
(Robert Herrick, 1591-1674)
Fair Daffodils, we weep to see
You haste away so soon
As yet the early-rising sun
Has not attained his soon
Stay, stay,
Until the hasting day
Has run
But to the evensong
And having prayed together, we
Will go with you along
We have short time to stay as you;
We have as short a spring;
As quick a growth to meet decay
As you, or anything
We die
As your hours do, and dry
Away
Like to the summer’s rain;
Or as the pearls of morning’s dew
Ne’er to be found again.
An Analysis of Figurative Language Represent in Robert Herrick”s To Daffodils
• Line 1 “Fair Daffodils, we weep to see”
Fair Daffodils = Apostrophe
Here, the poem’s speaker wants to address the Daffodils, yellow trumpet-shaped flower, as a nonhuman being as if it is a human being which alive/present and could reply, with the form of address “Fair Daffodils”
• Line 2 “You haste away so soon”
You haste away so soon = Personification
The word “You” here was refers to the Daffodil, a yellow trumpet-shaped flower, as an object (not an human being/person), but in this line “You haste away so soon”, this line tells us with personified as if the daffodils can move quickly/hurriedly (show an action in move like a person)
• Line 3 “As yet the early-rising sun”
As = Simile
In line 3, the poem’s speaker was comparing dissimilar things between the Daffodils with the sun which is rising early in the morning, with the word “as” to link the images. The two objects being compared are the Daffodils and the sun which early rising to show how shorts the time was.
• Line 4 “Has not attained his soon”
His (= Sun) soon = Personification
In line 4, the poem’s speaker stated that His soon, the word “his” here refers to the early-rising sun’s period.
• Line 5 - 7
“Stay, stay,
Until the hasting day
Has run”
→ Apostrophe & Personification
From the point of view Apostrophe side, this line is a set of sentence like in this form “Stay, stay, until the hasting day has run”. And this sentence seems like a direct sentence in addressing a person.
From the point of view Personification side, this line stated that “… hasting day has run”, from this phrase, it is clear that this phrase show as a personification, since we know that the day was non-human object, but it is stated with the verb “has run”, which is to show that the day was also human being which is can flowing like a human-being condition/life.
• Line9 – 10 “And having prayed together, we” and “Will go with you along”
We & You = The Daffodils and the speaker’s poem = Apostrophe
The word “We” here was to address the daffodils and the poem’s speaker.
• Line11 “We have short time to stay as you;”
We = Apostrophe
…. as you; = Simile
The word “we” was refers to the poem’s speaker and the readers also; who comparing with the Daffodils which are has short time in this life.
• Line12 - 13 “We have as short a spring;” and “As quick a growth to meet decay”
We = Apostrophe
…. as short a spring; = Simile
As quick ….= Simile
The word “we” was refers to the poem’s speaker, the reader, and the Daffodils also; who comparing with a spring which is also has a short period in their lives, which capable in make damage something in short period.
• Line14 “As you, or anything”
As ….= Simile
• Line 16 “As your hours do, and dry”
As ….= Simile
The word “As your hours do, and dry” was show that the period/the time in our lives was so short ended; anything was easily ended in short period, so we must do something useful in our life.
• Line 17 “Like to the summer’s rain;”
Like … = Simile
The word “Like…’ was clear that it is a Simile, since it is comparing two things which dissimilar, between, our short period in life and the rain period in summer season.
• Line 18 “Or as the pearls of morning’s dew”
As…= Simile
The word “As…’ was clear that it is a Simile, since it is comparing two things which dissimilar, between, our short period in life and the pearls in the morning with some dew.
Sabtu, 05 Maret 2011
Jeritan Suara Hati
jeritan or suara hati seorg monika...
Dl saat2 br2 lulus fresh graduated, mnglmi ms2 dmana jobless, lun dpt kerjaan, rasanya ky sampah msyrkt(wlo hny prsnku saja...), ak berdoa, berseru pd Tuhan...'Tuhan, jl kau berkenan..bri hamba pkrjaan..bhkn ak sanggup/mau Tuhan, dr pg smp mlm bkrja, bhkn jgn bri ksmpatan hamba utk mnganggur tnpa aktiftas sm skli...'
Wkt bjln....hr demi hr Thn mulai jwb doaku....bhkn di detik ini, byk pkrjn dtg mnghampiriku...bhkn rasanya wktu utk istrht pun serasa enggan mndekat...durasi tdr mlmku pun g smp 5 jam per mlm ny...tp diatas smua ini, ak hnya bs memohon bri hamba kesehatan, kekuatan utk mampu mnjlanai rutinitas and tnggung jwb ini...amien.
Dl saat2 br2 lulus fresh graduated, mnglmi ms2 dmana jobless, lun dpt kerjaan, rasanya ky sampah msyrkt(wlo hny prsnku saja...), ak berdoa, berseru pd Tuhan...'Tuhan, jl kau berkenan..bri hamba pkrjaan..bhkn ak sanggup/mau Tuhan, dr pg smp mlm bkrja, bhkn jgn bri ksmpatan hamba utk mnganggur tnpa aktiftas sm skli...'
Wkt bjln....hr demi hr Thn mulai jwb doaku....bhkn di detik ini, byk pkrjn dtg mnghampiriku...bhkn rasanya wktu utk istrht pun serasa enggan mndekat...durasi tdr mlmku pun g smp 5 jam per mlm ny...tp diatas smua ini, ak hnya bs memohon bri hamba kesehatan, kekuatan utk mampu mnjlanai rutinitas and tnggung jwb ini...amien.
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